In India, government schemes can be broadly categorized into three main types based on their objectives and target beneficiaries:

1. Welfare Schemes: 
These schemes primarily focus on providing social welfare benefits and support to specific groups of individuals or communities. They aim to improve the quality of life, uplift the marginalized sections, and ensure social inclusion. Examples of welfare schemes include the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, and Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana.

2. Development Schemes: 
Development schemes promote economic growth, infrastructure development, and overall progress in various sectors. These schemes typically target agriculture, industry, skill development, and technology sectors. Examples of development schemes include Make in India, Digital India, and Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana.

3. Financial Inclusion Schemes: 
These schemes aim to promote financial inclusion and provide access to financial services to all sections of society. They focus on expanding the reach of banking services, providing affordable credit, and promoting savings and insurance. Examples of financial inclusion schemes include Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana, and Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana.

These three types of schemes represent the diverse range of initiatives undertaken by the Indian government to address social, economic, and financial challenges and uplift the nation.

In the context of government, schemes refer to specific programs or initiatives launched by the government to address various social, economic, or developmental challenges. These schemes are designed to provide specific benefits, services, or support to targeted individuals, communities, or sectors. They are often implemented to achieve specific policy objectives, such as poverty alleviation, infrastructure development, healthcare coverage, or financial inclusion. Government schemes aim to bring about positive changes and improvements in specific areas by providing resources, opportunities, and assistance to those in need.

The Uttar Pradesh (UP) government has launched several schemes for the welfare and empowerment of girl children. One notable scheme is the “Kanya Sumangala Yojana.” This scheme aims to provide financial assistance to families for the proper upbringing and education of their girl child. Under this scheme, financial aid is provided in six phases, starting from the birth of the girl child up to her completion of graduation. The scheme encourages families to invest in the education and well-being of their daughters, promoting gender equality and empowering girls in the state of Uttar Pradesh.

The earliest launched scheme by the Government of India is the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), now known as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). It was enacted on August 25, 2005, and officially implemented on February 2, 2006. The NREGA/MGNREGA guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to rural households, with a focus on providing livelihood security and reducing rural unemployment and poverty. This landmark scheme has had a significant impact on rural development and has become one of the flagship programs of the Indian government.